Carbonaceous fuel and process of making same



. s ra MFEED OBEELE, OE CHICAGO,

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ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR "IO UNIVERSAL GIL'PBO DUCTS GOEPAM, E GEICAGO,ILLINOIE, A CORPORATION, OF EfSOUTH DAKOTA.

CAEl ZOHACEOUS FUEL AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

Eo Drawing. application filed May a, 11923, Bllfifli Ho. 837,878.Renewed January 13, 925.

- This invention relates to improvements in carbonaceous fuel, and aprocess of making the same, and refers more particularly to,,a fuel madefrom the carbon deposited incon- 6 nection with the treatment ofhydrocarbon oils, and particularlythe' carbonaceous substance separatedfrom the 'oil during the cracking or destructive distillation thereof. 7Among the is provide a process in which carbonaceous substance depositedduring the distillation and cracking of hydrocarbon oils, are treatedwith steam under relatively high temperatures and pressures to producean adsorbing no substance whichjs subsequently treated with hydrocarbongases to produce a readily combustible fuel; to provide a process inwhich the deposited carbonaceous,substances may be first transiormedinto activated carbon 90 and then satiated "with gas, producing a fuelwhich has a high B; t. 11. content and readily combustible in any typeof furnace.

iVith the distillation of oils such as crude oils, fuel oils, or in thepressure conversion or cracking of gas oils, fuel oils or other types ofhydrocarbons whichmay be treated to produce refined products, there is aresultant carbonaceous substance which has the characteristic of formingin a coky mass, either suspended in the residual substance whichcomprises a Niscousscmi-solid liquid, orwhen treated in a coking stillthe carbonaceous substance may be reduced practically to dry coke. Thiscarbonaceous material is substantially pure carbon having been depositedfrom the body of the oil during: the conversion reaction.

Particularly in connection with the destructive distillation ofhydrocarbon oils such as gas oil, fuel oil, and like hydrocarbons thereis deposited during the conversion of the oil a considerable quantity ofcarbon which in some instances is disposed of as waste material, and ifutilized at all for fuel is difficult to burn due to its content ofviscous substances which prevent efiicient combustion. Also, unlesstreated in some manner, this deposited carbon is exceedingly oily anddirty to handle. i

Thereis however, contained in this carbonaceous residue -a considerablequantity of ingredients whchmay be removed and fill utilized for usefulpurposes, and at the same time convening the residue into a morefifldosirablefuei, I

objects of the invention are to Toproduce a fuel having a high B. t. u.content, this carbonaceous material is treated with steam atdhightemperatures and pressures. After being subjected to this treat ment fora considerable period of'time, the steam and moisture which may bepresent In the form of vapor, is drawn off and the material dried whilebeing subjected to a reduced pressure. This treatment extracts thevvater vapor and ingredients removed by the steam treatment. After thereduced pressure treatment, the incondensable gas, or a mixture of gasessuitable for heating purposes is forced under pressure into the mass ofcarbonaceous material. Subsequent to the steam treatment the residue isactivatcd carbon, and when subjected to thetreatment of gases underpressure, the carbon will adsorb the gases introduced thereto, giving aresultant product somewhat simi- 7 hr in form to petroleum coke. Thetreatment with incondensable gases is continued sufficiently long tosecure com lete adsorption of the gas by the activate carbon.

An example of the treatment is toadd steam to the carbonaceous residueproduced by the pressure conversionor cracking of hydrocarbon oils, andraise the temperature of the mixture from 300 to 600 -F., whilemaintaining pressures in excess of ten pounds above atmospheric, .Thesteam is blown through the body of the carbon in order to more thoroughlpermeate and penetrate through the car onaceous substance. Thistreatment is continued until the Water vapors or steam hasbecnthoroughly intermixed with the carbonaceous residue relieving from theresidue certain. volatile'materials and objectionable ingredients to thefuel. The residue is then subjected to a reduced pressure torelieve thesteam and water vapor from the carbonaceous body, after Whichanincondensable gas is introduced to the activated carb'onand is permittedto be adsorbed into the "carbon body This incon- U dcnsable gas ispreferablyof such a character as that formed during the cracking ordestructive distillation of oils, and is normally returned and burned asfuel beneath the cracking stills. Any type of gas however, 1%

which is of a combustible character maybe used, and will "be readilyadsorbed by the activated carbonaceous material. This gas is kept incontact with the activated carbon until the carbon body is entirelysatiated, or.

until complete adsorption has taken place. This adsorption action ispromoted'by maintaining ressure upon the gas during its con tact Wit theactivated carbonaceous material. It also causes the carbon to take up amaximum amount of gas. v

subsequent to this gas treatment, the car bonaceous body is removed fromthe receptacle, container or retort inqvhich it has been treated,-and,isready for-use as fuel.

I claim as my invention:

.1. A; process formaking carbonaceous fuel consisting in treating theresidue resulting from the destructive distillation or cracking of,petroleum hydro-carbons with steam uncler pressure, subsequently dryingthe treated residuesby subjecting it to a reduced pressure, and thenbringing a combustible gas in contact with the material-to be adsorbedthereby- 2 A process for making carbonaceous fuel consisting in treatingthe residue resulting from the cracking of petroleum hydro-carbons Withsteam under pressure, subsequent- 'ly drying the treated'residue bysubjecting it to a reduced pressure, and in then bringing a combustibleincondensahle gas pro-' 'duced during the cracking of the'hydrocarbon inContact with the material under pres sure tobe adsorbed thereby.

' ALFRED OB'ERLE. I

